The Velvelettes

Early years and establishment

The group was founded in 1961 by Bertha Barbee McNeal and Mildred Gill Arbor, students at Western Michigan University. Mildred recruited her younger sister Carolyn (also known as Cal/Caldin), who was in 9th grade, and Cal's friend Betty Kelly, a junior in high school. Bertha recruited her cousin Norma Barbee, a freshman at Flint Junior College. Cal was chosen as the group's lead singer.

A classmate at Western Michigan University, Robert Bullock, was Berry Gordy's nephew, and he encouraged the group to audition for Motown Records. The group signed to Motown in late 1962 and started recording in January 1963. They recorded at the Hitsville USA studio and "There He Goes" and "That's The Reason Why" produced by William Stevenson was released as a single via the IPG label (Independent Producers Group). The recordings included a young Stevie Wonder playing harmonica. While the group awaited their chance at stardom, they recorded for many producers, some of which were re-recorded by other artists including fellow labelmates, The Vandellas and The Supremes. The Velvelettes were not used to provide backing vocals since Motown already had its in-house backing group, the Andantes.

The Velvelettes got their break chartwise in the spring of 1964 thanks to young producer Norman Whitfield, who produced "Needle In A Haystack" as a single for the group, on Motown's VIP imprint. "Needle In A Haystack" peaked at number 45 on the Billboard Hot 100 in mid 1964. The group recorded its follow-up, "He Was Really Sayin' Somethin'", with Whitfield again producing, and spent time on various Motown-sponsored tours as a support act. In September 1964, after recording "Dancing In The Street" earlier in June, Betty Kelly officially left the group to join Martha and the Vandellas, and the quintet became a quartet.
Later years and dissolution

The Velvelettes continued performing, with various members leaving and rejoining, as family matters dictated. By 1967, Millie, Norma and Bertha had decided to devote all of their time to raising their families. Cal recruited two new members for concert performances: former Vandella Sandra Tilley (who was introduced by her friend Abdul Fakir of The Four Tops), and Annette Rogers-McMillan.

With a song on the charts and a place on several concert tours, an album project was started using songs already recorded. However, with the growing success of another Motown group, The Supremes, Motown's attention was diverted and the project was left unfinished.

Motown released two additional singles, "Lonely Lonely Girl Am I" and "A Bird In The Hand" on their VIP imprint. Both singles did not reach the same chart levels as their predecessors. The Velvelettes continued to record new material until September 1967, with the Nick Ashford and Valerie Simpson song "Bring Back The Sunshine", which was retitled "Dark Side Of The World" when Diana Ross later released a version of the song. The final Velvelettes single release was "These Things Will Keep Me Loving You", which dented the 1966 R&B charts.

Cal began dating lead singer of The Monitors, Richard Street. He dissuaded her from continuing with the Velvelettes preferring that his wife care for the home. She eventually decided to break up the group. Sandra Tilley joined Martha Reeves and the Vandellas, replacing Rosalind Ashford. Gill then married the future Temptation Richard Street in November 1969, and the Velvelettes disbanded.

In 1971, "These Things Will Keep Me Loving You" became a hit in the United Kingdom, peaking at number 34 on the UK Singles Chart. Despite the new success, the group did not reunite until 1984, following a rare concert appearance by the cousins and the sisters at the request of Bertha. Together the Gill sisters and Barbee cousins then went on to re-record their original hits and some new songs for the album One Door Closes for Motorcity Records. The group continues to tour today.

Three decades after the group left Motown, Motown Records released a CD version of a Velvelettes 'album'. The Very Best of the Velvelettes featured 15 tracks, including four previously-unreleased selections. A 19 track CD The Velvelettes: The Best Of was released in the UK in 2001. The 2005 The Velvelettes: The Motown Anthology is a double album with 48 tracks.

In 2006, The Velvelettes contributed to the double CD Masters of Funk, Soul and Blues Present a Soulful Tale of Two Cities. Lamont Dozier, Freda Payne, George Clinton and Bobby Taylor recorded remakes of songs from Philadelphia International Records. The Velvelettes sang "One Of a Kind Love Affair", originally recorded by The Spinners. The other CD featured Jean Carne, Bunny Sigler and Jimmy Ellis